• Based on File processing
• Data definition implicit in
• Data
• Application program
• Example of one specific database
• Structure embedded into access program
• Coursework code re-use example

Earlier I made mention of this problem. Databases tie into the wider Software Engineering field. Within Software Engineering, post-development issues of code re-use, maintenance, future evolution etc. necessitate a logical flexible approach to program design. Databases are such an approach. In order to store information in a database you invest a small amount of time in explicitly structuring it, however you then get things like flexibility (data independence etc.) for free.